“An Inconvenient Truth” by Al Gore (Global Warming) Essay

â€Å"An Inconvenient Truth† by Al Gore, is a documentary that tells us about Global Warming. As he tells us, Global Warming involves solar radiation, in the form of light waves, passing through the atmosphere. Most of this radiation is absorbed by the Earth and warms it. Then some of the energy is radiated back into space, by the Earth, in the form of infrared waves. However during this process, some of the outgoing infrared radiation is trapped by the Earth’s atmosphere and warms it; which in return keeps the temperature at a livable and somewhat constant level. However, the atmospheric layer is now being thickened by the harmful pollution and because of that more of the infrared waves are being trapped and are now warming more worldwide. Throughout the documentary Gore is targeting the people who want to know about global warming and those who need to make a change in order to stop the current, unrealized harm that global warming is causing. This is analyzed by the way he does his presentation. He performs his presentation in front of a live audience, an audience who is diverse. Diverse in the way that he has presented this slide show in many diverse places such as Aspen, Portland, London, Vienna, Italy, Spain, China, and South Korea just to name a few, and with males and females of every age. Gore also presents this slide show to people who want to know more about the situation. Which in return, we can assume that if the audience is attending his presentation, then they have little or no knowledge about the situation at hand and it is highly likely that they have not done much of anything in order to prevent global warming from becoming a future dilemma. In order for Gore to reach his audience he uses visuals and techniques. The documentary actually begins with a beautiful, peaceful visual of a flowing river with rustling leaves and chirping birds, all of which start the audience out with an idea of what will cease to exist and what they will lose if global warming does not cease. His visuals are also precise. For instance graphs derived from scientific research yet at the same time they were easy for everyone to understand due to Gore’s detailed explanation of each one. An example of this would be the graph he used that dated back 650,000 years. When he presented this graph he explained that it measured  CO2 and temperature related measurements. He then continued to explain that when there is more carbon dioxide then the temperature becomes warmer. He is also sure to include the fact that today’s CO2 measurement/concentration is higher now than ever before and that scientists project a great and dangerous increase in less than 50 years if there is no change. Al Gore also makes sure that during his speech he uses visuals that have sentimental value and that can also be remembered by the viewers once the documentary is finished. For example, he showed many photographs of deteriorating landmarks across the world, many of which are well known to a majority of viewers even if they have just heard of the names. A specific technique Gore also includes is a story telling technique. He used a story from his past that included a fellow classmate asking if the east coast of South America and West Coast of Africa were once joined together. He ended this story with a comical statement while also stating the answer to his fellow classmate’s question. This story telling technique allowed his presentation to appear more upbeat and entertaining to his audience rather than dull with only strict statistics. Last but not least, Gore uses humor as a technique. He does this by including a clip from the Simpsons, a comedy cartoon shown nationwide. The clip involved global warming and was used as a way to explain things in a different way and/or view to people who may not understand fully, while adding a slight humor to the serious situation. The visual argument was prominent throughout Al Gore’s documentary. When he was not using the many pictures and videos consuming mostly of the drastic changes that are already taking place, he was showing the graphs of scientific study and predictions for the near future all because of global warming. The pictures contained mountains that were once covered with snow caps but are now dry and desolate, glaciers that once stood 700 feet tall but now crack and crumble only to melt in the infrared warmed waters, lakes that once flowed freely down their lively paths but now almost cease to exist, and even trees that were once colorful and forcefully standing but now weak and drained of pigment. These were strong visual arguments as much as they were emotional stimuli. Strong arguments because the pictures spoke for themselves and no one can argue against the facts they can see with their own two eyes and strong emotional stimuli because people could now see  what their children wi ll never or no longer be able to see or enjoy. Another example of visual argument that provokes emotional responses would be the weather changes. For instance, global warming can be held accountable for the severity of Hurricane Katrina. This astonished people simply because Hurricane Katrina had also hit the state of Florida when it was titled as a category one hurricane, however Katrina then traveled over warm waters and became much stronger by the time it reached New Orleans. To prove this point Gore included a statistic that showed how the top ten hottest years occurred in the past fourteen year, 2005 being the ultimate hottest year on record. All of which affects the ocean waters as well as producing additional stronger storms such as tornados, typhoons, flooding, and even droughts. This truly affected them emotionally by actually seeing how the world is practically falling apart due to global warming. The specific emotional response that occurred to the viewers was despair and astonishment, mainly because many were actually viewing and understanding the harm that is being done by them and everyone else who is failing to respond to global warming warnings. In conclusion, the visual arguments, such as the videos and pictures, were greatly appropriate for Gore’s purpose because it actually allowed the viewers to see a reality that they on other terms may have never been able to see. It hopefully also gave the viewers the urge to change their ways in order to fight the bigger crisis that may come in the future because of global warming. Like Gore said, â€Å"This is not really a political issue, so much as it is a moral issue, if we allow global warming to happen it is deeply unethical.†Authority also plays a role in the documentary. Gore, for instance, is a great example of authority on the topic of global warming. He has a great knowledge on the subject from his constant research and is looked up to by many people because of his standing on politics, since he is a well known political figure. The sources of other authorities, such as the sources of the scientific studies, the photographs, and short informational videos, are all named at the end of the documentary, if not stated by Gore himself during his presentation. The sources of information are current as well as a few years old, after all there were studies done in the past that were used in order to compare today’s statistics. Also, the authorities are respected by the audience in the way that the audience simply believes the information being given to them through out the  documentary. In addition, Al Gore includes â€Å"little movies† of his life throughout the documentary. These movies consisted of when he was running for the presidency against George W. Bush, how he became interested in global warming, how his life was growing up, and even life changing moments involving his son and best friend. By including moments of his presidential campaign against Bush it showed his audience how he can bounce back from a loss and sill be determined to inform the people of problems in order to help them. It also shows that if he would have won, he would have made global warming a main issue. â€Å"Little movies† of his young life allow his audience to see ways he actually relates to them. Whether it be the closeness he held with his family or the way he moved from place to place to accommodate his father’s lifestyle as a tobacco farmer and his senate duties. Gore even included the way he has had to deal with a loss of a best friend whom died long before she should have because of lung cancer due to smoking. He included this as a comparison to the situation of global warming. Gore explains that his father would always find excuses to continue growing tobacco after the surgeon general’s warning until the death of his close friend. This is just like people coming up with reasons to avoid paying attention to global warming situation. Gore also includes information about his son when he was hit by a car and was put into critical condition. This would relate to the majority of the audience who has children themselves and at the same time show everyone that he has tragedies in his life just like every other ordinary person does. Another important part included through the little movies, possibly the most important little movie because it contained main emphasis on the topic, was how he became interested in global warming. He informed his viewers that his interest was jump started by an image, an image shown to him in college by a favored professor. He then explains that this college professor was also a talented scientist who would send weather balloons over the pacific in order to get statistics of his own. The professor recorded his findings and shared them with his classmates, all of which Al Gore absorbed like a sponge and became interested. In conclusion, Gore’s purpose for this documentary is to inform the people of global warming and how it is effecting the earth now. It also evidently shows how it will severely effect us in the future if we do not act on it. He wants everyone to realize this is something to start worrying about now and not put it off any longer. He also wants to give people hope that they can overcome this and change the process of global warming. After all we, as a whole, have overcome wars, famines, slavery, the right for women to vote, defeated totalitarianism, desegregated schools, cured fearsome diseases like polio, worked together to bring down communism, and have even fixed a hole in the atmospheric layer, which was said to be impossible. Another main purpose is to help everyone understand the alternative ways we can bring carbon emissions to zero in order to defeat this issue. These alternative ways include changing they electricity we use, the cars we drive, and even the things we buy. It is necessary to encourage everyone to make a change. Buy energy efficient light bulbs, increase insulation, plant trees, walk or ride a bike rather than drive, switch to renewable energy sources when possible, and even vote for leaders who pledge to solve this problem. In Al Gore’s own words, † It’s separating the truth from the fiction and the accurate connections from the misunderstandings is part of what you learn here but when the warnings are accurate and based on sound science then we as human beings, whatever country we live in, have to find a way to make sure the warnings are heard and responded to.† Gore, Al. â€Å"An Inconvenient Truth†. Documentary. 2006.

What Does It Mean to Be a Man or a Woman?

What Does it Mean to be a Man or a Woman? A theme the tragedy of Macbeth routinely reveals is one of gender roles. Throughout the play, many characters struggle with conflict within themselves; not unlike conflicts that we face inside ourselves today. Various major conflicts throughout the screenplay are somehow connected with characters’ roles as men or women. The dominant question is, do the characters know who they are as men and women? Although Macbeth’s age was never stated, it is concluded from his naivety and emotional immaturity throughout the play that he might not be much older than a current college student.Young adulthood sometimes contains an internal struggle to find oneself, not only working to discover who they are as a person, but they are as a man or a woman. As demonstrated many times throughout the script, Macbeth is internally fighting with his masculine instincts. For example, in Act I, the captain, Duncan, and Malcolm discuss Macbeth’s â₠¬Å"heroic† and violent tendencies (Macbeth I. 2. 15-22). From childhood, men thrive to be a hero. Sometimes, in their minds, that means being rashly violent as well.So when these men mention Macbeth’s unnecessarily brutal strategies, it makes one see the battle Macbeth must be struggling with to gain the role of â€Å"hero† in others’ eyes. The witches also play a part in Macbeth’s battle of identification with himself. The bearded women plant the seed of ambition in Macbeth. Macbeth realizes that he is lusting after the throne and the power that comes with it. But, at first, he does not know how to deal with it. (â€Å"If good, why do I yield to that suggestion Whose horrid image doth unfix my hair And make my seated heart knock at my ribs,Against the use of nature? Present fears Are less than horrible imaginings. My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical, Shakes so my single state of man That function is smothered in surmise, And nothing is but what is not. †) (I. 3. 135-143). It is normal for men to want to be ambitious. God created men as a ruler, as stated in Genesis: â€Å"Then God said, â€Å"Let us make man in our image, in our likeness, and let them rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air, over the livestock, over all the earth, and over all the creatures that move along the ground† (NLT Genesis 1:26).Therefore, men have ambitious souls. God did not intend to have sovereigns or rulers of people, but men and women ruined that when Adam and Eve betrayed the Lord. Macbeth is not in tune with himself and how his emotions and ambitions will affect other people. This is one of Macbeth’s atrophies and causes him to lust for increasingly more power. Lord Acton once said, â€Å"Power corrupts. Absolute power corrupts absolutely. † Men also need women’s acceptance to accept themselves.They want women to see their masculinity and power – hence the reason they like t o display their muscles and talk about their accomplishments. However, when a women does not show that they appreciate the manhood, it puts the man down. Think about the way males react when called a coward, especially if it is a woman. They puffs out their chests, try to seem larger than they actually are, and object. In Act I, Scene 7 Lady Macbeth calls Macbeth a coward, and he begs her to stop. (â€Å"Art thou afeard To be the same in thine own act and valorAs thou art in desire? Wouldst thou have that Which thou esteem’st the ornament of life, And live a coward in thine own esteem, Letting ‘I dare not’ wait upon ‘I would,’†) (I. 7. 39-45). Then, she insults his manhood; the ultimate way to manipulate the male gender. Macbeth sees that the only way to impress his wife, is by killing the king and following his own ambitious instincts. The way Lady Macbeth spoke these words to Macbeth, there was no way in his mind that he could object  œ it would ruin his masculinity.From there, Macbeth will not stop until he reaches absolute power. He even uses his wife’s tactics and questions the murders’ manhoods when manipulating them to kill Banquo. (â€Å"Do you find Your patience so predominant in your nature That you can let this go? Are you so gospeled To pray for this good man and for his issue, Whose heavy hand hath bowed you to the grave And beggared yours forever? †) (III. 1. 87-93). The gender roles quickly became a large part of the plot to get people to complete tasks for others’ benefits.Characters constantly bring up manhood and relate it to their rise or lack of a rise (Lady Macbeth- â€Å"unsex me†) to power (I. 5. 41). However, power wasn’t meant for man; it was meant for God. This power became an idol – the characters put it between them and God. That was the characters’ downfalls. Instead of being a â€Å"manly man,† they should have tried to be a man of God as in 1 Timothy 6:19, â€Å"so they may experience true life† (NLT). One does not realize their true self, until they realize they are a man or woman of God.

Bubble Popping

â€Å"Aren’t you hot?† â€Å"Were you forced to put that on your head?† â€Å"How many scarves do you have?† These were all questions I had received upon making my decision to wear the hijab, or Muslim headdress. However, there was one question that had not been asked. The answer had been lounging in the back of my mind since July, dangling on the edge of my tongue and waiting to exercise. And finally, â€Å"Why do you wear that?† accompanied with a circular motion around the head. I looked up and found a boy staring back at me, wearing a genuine expression on his face, one of solemn curiosity. I had been preparing for this question for months, yet I did not want to launch into a 20-minute speech preaching about my religion, so I opted for a relatively simple answer. â€Å"I wear this,† pointing to my scarf, â€Å"because it’s a really important part of my religion. It represents modesty, so people won’t judge me by my body shape or appearance, but they’ll like me for my personality and character.† An uncomfortable silence followed. â€Å"Does that make sense?† I prodded. He smiled thoughtfully. â€Å"Yeah, it actually does.† I breathed a sigh of relief and a wave of satisfaction washed over me as I realized I had taken a huge step toward reaching my goal. More experiences similar to this one arose, yet one in particular seemed to clear away the uncertainty of my dreams and aspirations. Every Wednesday the Global Relief club would drive down to El Cajon, California and tutor Iraqi refugees at Emerald Middle School. It became my favorite day of the week—the eager children waiting for us outside the classroom, the Arabic circulating around the room in rapid breaths, and the feeling of contentment I received when I knew I had helped someone. That Wednesday was different though. As we approached the regular classroom, I noticed a small girl standing alone against the wall, staring down at her sneakers. I walked over to her, smiled, and said hello. She replied back in a small voice, and from her accent, I deduced that she had recently immigrated. I knew I could never imagine what she had been through, but I immediately felt a connection to her. In that scared, self-conscious girl, I saw my previous self. Her name was Rana, and she had the quiet, nervous voice I had adapted when I started wearing the hijab. She avoided direct eye contact and almost all conversations that were not in Arabic. My constant attempts to engage her in conversation were dismissed. Communication with her was difficult. While I tutored her, we struggled to understand each other, but after experimenting a few Arabic words in a horrible accent, I managed to make her smile. I learned to say, â€Å"Is this right or wrong?† and â€Å"friend.† In retrospect, I learned many new Arabic words, but those held no hope with my terrible language skills. Instead, Rana taught me other things. By the end of the year, Rana was speaking English at a fast pace, and, laughing, I had to tell her to slow down so I could understand her. She bickered with young boys who were bothering her, and giggled with other girls her age. The same girl who was standing alone against the wall was now chattering away in the large group of kids that waited for us outside the classroom. I watched her grow, and in a way, Rana showed me how much I had grown in the past year as well. Coming from a Muslim background and wearing the hijab has had a lasting impact on who I am, and my dreams of who I wish to be. An ordinary engagement with a peer, a learning experience with a young girl, and the feelings that followed pushed me in the direction of helping others, breaking down barriers, and overcoming communication obstacles. I have learned to communicate with and relate to people who may not be in my immediate religious circle, yet have faced similar experiences of discovering identity and trying to fit in. After a long year of struggling to blend in with 2,500 students, I have not succeeded, yet this â€Å"failure† has benefited me in the long run. I am now not afraid of what people think of me, I can speak my opinions without stuttering, and I do not hesitate to make silly faces at friends across the classroom, just to earn a smile. At some point in each of our lives, we have stared up at the tall, intimidating walls of difference, contemplating the best way to jump, climb, or dig under them to make it to the other side. Some may walk away from these walls, ignoring wonderful opportunities to meet someone who may be different from them, but someone who, nonetheless, they may be able to form a connection with. Our ability to tear down these walls, break out of our molds, and communicate with and relate to others is what truly makes us unique, social beings, and I believe that, with the help of many, including Rana, I have succeeded.

Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Film - Essay Example this theory originated after analyzing the particular stylistic marks that each director left on his/her motion art which made it easy to distinguish between films from two directors (each inculcating his/her own personality into the film). The basis of auteur theory is that instead being a co-operative, industrial product, a film becomes identified with its director, who is seen as the ultimate creative impetus or force behind the film. It is actually more complex than this in theory but it does attempt to insert an author into the film. Auteur theory is also very pervasive and has entered the popular discourse on films with critical opinion and reviews often articulated from this point of view for instance: â€Å"The latest Tarantino release† etc. Auteur directors exhibit thematic and stylistic consistencies throughout their careers, which seems as a prerequisite for the auteur theory to be acceptable. Auteur work is a timeless coating on a director`s film, which keeps it a classic through the future. Bergman is remembered not because he was one of the greatest film makers or he was known for his name for art houses but because he put forward a method of watching films that was the touchstone of the art house experience. His films are not brimming with violent events or they are not well composed. His films always demand the concentration and tolerance of the viewers, as they are rich in provocations. An auteur of a film is distinguished by the theme, style, ideology used in that film, i.e. the plots, places and faces used in the film and most importantly, time. The Time is a main theme in Bergmans work. The second of three children, Ernst Ingmar Bergman was born on 14 July 1918. His father was Erik Bergman, a clergyman. His mother was Karin Bergman, nà ©e Ã…kerblom, a qualified nurse. Ingmar Bergman was born in Uppsala. His mother came from a well off family; she was a proud, strong-willed person, and with Ingmar growing up the relationship between his parents

Liv Doll by Spin Master Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Liv Doll by Spin Master - Research Paper Example Because of the special features using electronic components, Liv Dolls caught the attention of the teenagers all over the world. This paper briefly analyses the macro-environmental variables like; Political and legal, Economic, Social and cultural, and Technological factors  of Spin Master through the marketing perspectives of Liv Dolls. Global economic conditions are not so good at present which is not a good sign for the Liv Dolls of Spin Masters. People forced to cut down their expenditure on non-productive goods in order to streamline their family budget in the right track, especially in the dipping economic conditions. In other words, the toy market is facing stiff problems at present which is not a good sign for Spin master’s product, Live Doll. â€Å"Liv dolls are in stores now and retail for $19.99 and accessory items range from $5.49 to $19.99† (Spin Master Launches Liv Dolls, 2010). Spending 20 dollars for toy items was not a big thing earlier, but at present people forced to cut down even such small expenditures because of the recession problems. Spin Master says the girls are targeted at girls aged six to ten. The dolls include Daniela, Sophie, Katie, and Alexis. Spin Master says some features of the dolls include 14 points of movement, easy to change wigs, insert-able glass eyes, and detailed fashions. The Liv Dolls are adorable. They do have a passing resemblance to Bratz dolls because of the larger head size, but they don't look slutty like the Bratz dolls do (Spin Master Launches Liv Dolls, 2010) Spin Master completely redesigned the toy concept in the market. They succeeded in rewriting many of the traditional concepts about the designs and features of a toy, existing in the market.  

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 41

History - Essay Example the said countries, thereby proving how free trade can surely lead to an increase in wealth and competitiveness; with families, farmers, workers, manufacturers reaping real benefits accrued from this free trade. NAFTA developed to eliminate the trade tariffs in the three countries and was anticipated to increase the United States imports to Mexico dramatically being that lower tariffs had been introduced. It has helped boost inter-regional trade between the three countries though has not succeeded in generating of jobs and the deeper regional economic development as earlier planned. Clintons on the other hand underwent various scandals when in office including the whitewater scandal, cattle futures gate, travel gate, Gennifer flowers gate, file gate, Vince foster gate, among others. In this discussion we shall focus on these scandals and their effect to America together with NAFTA and its effects to America as well. We find Clinton having a hand in both scandals and NAFTA. The variou s similarities and differences in the two will also be examined and thereby come out clearly as we read on. NAFTA has been able to broaden trade relations with the United States manufacturers creating supply chains across North America thereby making companies more globally competitive. Experts however disagree with the idea that the economic growth experienced in the United States, Mexico and Canada, the higher wages and increased trade with each other is entirely attributed to NAFTA, given the economic forces present. They believe that liberalization of trade would still have been made possible without NAFIA in the picture. It was supplemented by the North American Agreement on environmental co-operation and the North American agreement on labor co operation in order to prevent businesses from relocating to take advantage of lower wages, more lenient laws about the health and safety of workers, together with the less strict laws on the environment. The NAFTA agreement contained

Professional organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Professional organization - Essay Example ACN will be in equipping me with the necessary information that will enhance my capacity to advance my nursing education, research, and eventually my career. Importantly, participating in AACN’s activities will be essential in developing my capacity in providing quality care to my patients in an effective and efficient manner that promoted safety. AACN invites new members to participate in its program that matches new deans with mentors who have expertise in the field. Through participating in this program, my experienced mentor will help me achieve the objectives of learning the approaches to become conversant with my roles as a nurse leader and build my leadership skills in the nursing field. Besides, participating in these programs will be instrumental in capacity building of my leadership skills in finance. The Doctor of Nursing Program (DNP) is the future in nursing education and research. In this case, this program will move the advanced nursing practice from its current master’s level to the doctorate level. In line with this, I want to expand my practice in nursing and enroll in this program. In effect, AACN has been on the forefront in building capacity and developing this program in nursing. Hence, my membership with this organization will be of the essence since it has already established the necessary framework to guide its members to join DNP programs while its database will provide literature for nursing

The Mesaba Energy Project Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Mesaba Energy Project - Case Study Example The site should accommodate multiple generating units, covering more than 1,000 acres to provide buffer zone between the plant facilities and nearby communities. Preferred project location is West Range Plant Site, Greenfield which is designated for auxiliary mining purposes ("Area Definitions"). The main objective for this site is due to Iron range that is only about 70 miles northwest of Duluth near Taconite and Bovey. Other than this, natural gas pipelines, high voltage transmission line corridors and viable rail service are also the deciding factors. An alternate site is also under consideration, located in the east range plant site; which is closer to Hoyt Lake iron range, about 50 mile north of Duluth and has access to water as well as feed-stock transportation option ("Minnesota Hydrology Guide", 1992). An estimated total project costs approximately $1.97 Billion, Department of Energy share is $36 Million. It is expected to complete construction work by 2011 and after that wit hin one year to start its operation. The main attributes to this project are, 2005 Energy Policy Act that provides loan guarantees, legislatively mandated PPA with Northern States Power (A3/BBB-), Regulatory incentives and exemption from certificate of need, Public support and large demand in market, and fuel flexibility or lowest-cost fuel ("Mesaba"). MEP: From Coal to Technology Project is supposed to be designed with a thought as fuel efficient where primary material is coal; a small statistic outlines the fuel compositions which can be used interchangeably; 100% coal including Powder River Basin sub-bituminous and Illinois No. 6 bituminous coals, up to 1:1 ratio of coal and petroleum coke blend and petroleum coke. A group of MIT studied on role of coal to lessen its effect on global climate change. They came up with a result that carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technology can reduce carbon dioxide emission to a significant amount without hampering its energy output requirement. According to Dr. Deutch: As the world's leading energy user and greenhouse gas emitter, the U.S. must take the lead in showing the world CCS can work. Demonstration of technical, economic, and institutional features of CCS at commercial scale coal combustion and conversion plants will give policymakers and the public confidence that a practical carbon mitigation control option exists, will reduce cost of CCS should carbon emission controls be adopted, and will maintain the low-cost coal option in an environmentally acceptable manner. Coal is a low cost and its usage is increasing day by day. So using coal directly without CCS will affect the climate directly leading to a global change. CCS enables coal to meet its energy criteria in future and in parallel saving the atmosphere from CO2 emissions as coal contains a high carbon percentage ("Future of Coal", 2007). Fuel gasification is done first which is a process of converting coal, petroleum coke etc into gaseous state from solid one. It is similar to natural gas and used for electric power generation. The gasification process that MEP will use is ConocoPhillips' E-Gas technology. Raw materials are first crushed and slurry is formed which is pumped

Kernbergs Theory of Object Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Kernbergs Theory of Object Relations - Essay Example His theory delves on the principle that humans have an inborn drive to forge and maintain relationships. He asserts that this is the basic human need which shapes a framework in which libidinal and aggressive drives draw meaning. Based from his development model which contains three stages, he built around it the principles of internalization process, ego integration, drive development and borderline disorder development. Otto F. Kernberg was born in Vienna, Austria in 1928. In order to escape the Nazi, his family left Germany in 1939 and immigrated to Chile. There he studied biology, medicine, psychiatry and psychoanalysis. Through a Rockefeller Foundation fellowship, he was able to study research in psychotherapy at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in the United States. After emigration to the U.S., he joined C.F. Menninger Memorial Hospital and became its director. He served as Supervising and Training Analyst at Topeca Institute for Psychoanalysis. In New York, he became director of the New York State Psychiatry Institute General Clinical Service. He was also a professor at the Columbia University and Cornell University. ... Strecker Award from IPH in 1975 and George E. Daniels Merit Award of the APM in 1981 (Cohen, 2000). Object Relations Theory One of Kernberg's more famous contributions is his Object Relations Theory. Object Relations Theory is a contemporary version of psychoanalytic theory which attributed less importance on the urges of aggression and sexuality as driving forces and more weight on human interactions as the major motivational force in life. Object relations theory proponents claim that humans are relationship-searching instead of pleasure-searching creatures as suggested by Sigmund Freud. The impact of this theory is the shift of focus from sexuality to relationship in connection to psychotherapy (Kernberg, 1984a). It started and gained its foundation with his construction of a Developmental Model. This model is based on the following developmental tasks needed to be completed to become healthy. These are divided into three major categories (Cohen, 2000). The first are the early months of an infant where it struggles to sort out his experiences and categorizing them as either pleasurable or not without making a distinction of self and other (Consolini, 1999). Next is the first fundamental task of psychic elucidation of self and other which involves distinguishing one's experience and other's experiences as apart and different. Psychotic states are hypothesized to originate from this failure to delineate internal and external worlds (Kernberg, 1985). This is followed by the second developmental task of overcoming splitting where loving images equated as good and hateful images equated as bad are separated. Failure to accomplish this task invariably results to borderline problems (Kernberg, 1984a). The developmental

GCC economies and their role in the world economy Research Paper

GCC economies and their role in the world economy - Research Paper Example The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) was formed on May 26, 1981. The GCC is an organization specifically formed to unite the Arab oil producing countries. Its major operation angle is to the southern regions of Asian continent. GCC is made up of six active Arabian countries that involve the Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain and Qatar. However, some new applications for membership have been received from other oil producing Arabian countries like Jordan and Morocco. The objectives of GCC are to unite the member states with the aim of harmonizing quotas of oil in the world market. The members have several factors in common among them religion, political structures, climatic conditions and natural resources. The organization also seeks to coordinate and promote economic productivity of the member states (Mohammed, 2011). The organization also intends to boost education, healthcare, employment and trade among the member states. Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia in the views of Mohammed (2011) forms four-fifths of the entire GCC. Besides being a member of the GCC, Saudi Arabia is also a member of Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Saudi Arabia has been voted the world’s largest oil reserve among the OPEC and the GCC member states. In fact, oil production is the backbone of all the economic sectors in Saudi Arabia. Estimates indicate that a third of the total oil produced by the OPEC comes from Saudi Arabia (Mohammed, 2011). Oil production in Saudi Arabia on a daily basis estimates at around 10 million barrels. As a result of massive oil reserves that infiltrate money to the country, Saudi Arabia enjoys a diversified economy with plenty of production industries that have offered jobs to its citizens and the world population in general. The oil sector has contributed to the development of various industries such as petrochemicals, fertilizers and steel manufacturing industries that boosted the export products of the country. Mohammed (2011) adds that Saudi Arabia has excelled in the production of dates and even becoming the world’s best producer of dates. Saudi Arabia also has expanded fishing grounds and a lot of money has been ventured to modernize and promote sea fishing activities. In 1998, OPEC slashed Saudi Arabia’s global supply quota to 8 million barrels per day. The imposition of the quota led to significant fall on the country’s total income. Telecommunications investment (% revenues) in Saudi Arabia In the reports of World Bank, telecommunication investments revenue in Saudi Arabia reached 84.12% in 2008. Telecommunication investments are expenditures associated with purchasing the ownership of telecommunication equipment infrastructures including land, building, labor and computer software. Source; Trading Economics, 2011 Current statistics in the world oil market show that Saudi Arabia has much potential to increase its oil injection by additional 2.5 million barrels a day (Daya, 2011). Such an injection can boost oil supply in the world market and even ease the world energy crisis. Oil

Studies in drama Essay Example for Free

Studies in drama Essay Essay One It is human nature to want to secure a sense of personal dignity. Since the dawn of time, men have been striving to achieve this aspect of their lives, no matter what hardship comes their way. In response to Arthur Millers quote, the character of Willy Loman in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman and Prince Hamlet in William Shakespeares Hamlet demonstrate how both the common man and royalty can be subjects for tragedy when they try to secure their sense of personal dignity. Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman is the tragic story of the patriarch of the Loman family. Willy Loman lives in fantasy, longing for wealth and success. He entertains delusions of what he desperately wants, but could not attain due to several faults, namely his personal dignity. At the end of the play, Willy commits suicide. Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman was a tragic character because he tried to pursue the American Dream. He tried to provide for this family, and went mad in the process. He tried to hang on to his personal dignity while he was lost in his delusions of being a successful salesman. For example, when Willy lost his job, his friend and neighbor, Charley, offers Willy a job. Willy turns it down; he replies that he has a job. Willy suddenly turns defensive; he is bent on letting Charley know that Willys job is a fine job (Miller 43; act 1). Another example of Willy trying to hold on to his personal dignity is when one night Willys shouting wakes Biff, his son, and Linda, his wife. They find him outside wandering, lost in his fantasies. Willys mental illness, according to Linda, is due to the loss of his salary. She explains that now he borrows fifty dollars from Charley a week and Willy pretends that it is his salary (Miller 52-56; act 1). Willys personal dignity forced him into delusions of a happy family life and a successful career as a salesman. These delusions due to personal dignity set Willy on a path to self destruction. For example, Willy sees his sons as great kids, as Titans bound for marvelous things. Willys pride is what keeps him from seeing that Biff cheats and steals and Happy is an unmotivated man with no dreams. When Biff steals footballs from school, Willy calls it initiative (Miller 29-30; act 1). Willy does not want to face the reality that his sons are failures. His dignity ultimately leads to his suicide. William Shakespeares Hamlet is the story of Prince Hamlet and his need to avenge his fathers death. Hamlet discovers that his uncle, Claudius, murdered his father in order to become king and marry Hamlets mother after Hamlet sees the ghost of his father, the King of Denmark. The ghost orders Hamlet to seek revenge on Claudius. Hamlet first determines Claudiuss guilt, then seeks to destroy him. Claudius fears for his life, and plots to kill Hamlet. At the end of the play, Hamlet is cut with a poisoned sword and dies, but not before exacting revenge on Claudius for his fathers murder. Prince Hamlet in Hamlet is also a tragic character due to his need to secure his personal dignity. Hamlet, throughout the play, strives to avenge his fathers death. His father, King Hamlet, was murdered by Hamlets uncle, Claudius, in order to secure the throne for Claudius. Because his fathers ghost ordered him to, Hamlet seeks revenge on his uncle. Hamlet is devoted to seeking revenge for his father, but is thoughtful to the point where Hamlet waits until the perfect time. For example, Hamlet decides to exact his revenge on Claudius after Hamlet put on a play that reenacted Claudiuss crime. Claudius jumped up and left the theater, and Hamlet took this as a sign of guilt. Hamlet was going to murder Claudius then, until Hamlet saw that Claudius was praying. Hamlet then decided that then was not the right time (Shakespeare 3. 2, 3. 3). As if Hamlets mission was not already personal, Claudius, fearing for his life at the hands of Hamlet, decides to murder Hamlet. This is when Hamlet shows no mercy. His personal dignity was at stake, therefore he exacted his revenge, murdering Claudius (Shakespeare 5. 2). Hamlet could not have died without avenging his fathers death, it would have been disgraceful. He willed himself to stay alive after being cut with a poisoned sword to murder his uncle. Both Willy Loman and Hamlet were slaves to their personal dignity, and both of their stories ended in tragedy. Arthur Millers quote that the common man can be as much of a subject for tragedy as king were is correct in the instances of Willy Loman and Hamlet. Willy Loman suffered because he wanted to believe himself to be a man with a happy family and a successful career, while Hamlet suffered because of the revenge he sought due to the murder of his father. These two instances proves that anyone, common man or king, can be the subject of tragedy.

Debate Speech Essay Example for Free

Debate Speech Essay A pleasant afternoon to one and all, standing in front of you is Alliah Dominique M. Sta. Ana, 3rd affirmative speaker, opposing the proposition of Mr. Despi that â€Å"Republic Act No. 10354 also known as Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012† should be legalize here in the Philippines. Let us all be open minded as I begin. First and Foremost, let me give you brief information about RH Bill. It guarantees the universal access to methods of contraceptions, fertility control, maternal care and sex education.   There are many reasons why I stand before my proposition because implementing RH Bill is unconstitutional. Why? It seeks to regulate or legislate morality. It criminalizes the practice of faith and religion as well as other cts that are not inherently evil or against public policy. It is socially and economically unjust and destructive. The law justifies the imposition of new taxes and higher tax rates, government borrowing, price controls, distortions, massive regulations, that will affect not just the entire economy but also people’s rights. It will also benefit certain bussinesses and industries in a monopoly or crony system. Where will they buy contraceptives, preganancy kits, RH products and equipments, employer’s fee for their time and service? There are already dozens of RH Laws or RH related laws enacted in the past. It seems all of them didn’t work. Did they? Because the only solution to this problem would be having self control and discipline. I firmly believe that an ordinary person is capable to be good so it does mean that everyone, catholic or not, can be disciplined. The main purpose of sex is to procreate not to satisfy our senses or needs. So if you will have sex, bear in mind that its main purpose is to reproduce which is God’s will. Now, if you are to have sex with contraceptives, then that is not called procreation. It is called sense gratification or lust which is a strong desire for someone, that way doing sex is purposeless. If you are to have sex without contraceptives, without thinking the consenquences, without family planning, make sure you are ready to face such big responsibility that will change your life. Life is created and is the will of the Lord. How it begins and how it ends is His thing – Not ours. When God allowed the process of sex which at the same time is the free will of woman and man which will put that child in a woman’s womb, whether the mother or father is sick, that is His will. And now if you are a follower of God which the RH supporters also claim, and you are spiritually realized, then you must know that you do not have the right to hinder such event or manifestation by killing what is forming or what is inside you. Therefore, I strongly believe that RH bill should not be implented for this will not be created if we just control ourselves. This methods will offend the Church and the Catholics, this methods are just expenses, RH Bill will only change the clearer vision of life. It will be such a bad impact to the country. Bear in mind that we are in a religious country. Besides, Natural Family Planning helps the married partners to strengthen their communication. A baby made with conjugal love is the result of natural family planning that’s why I prefer natural family planning to be the only method to decrease our population rate. That’s all, thank you and Good Afternoon!

Israeli-Palestinian conflict communication

Israeli-Palestinian conflict communication CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 2.0 Definition of Communication Although communication is omnipresent, it appears nonetheless difficult to define. Different individuals define communication in different ways depending upon their interests. Ruben (1984) says that communication is any â€Å"information related behaviour† while Dale (1969) says it is the â€Å"sharing of ideas and feelings in a mood of mutuality.† Other definitions emphasise the significance of symbols, as in Berelson and Steiner (1964): â€Å"The transmission of information, ideas, emotions and skill by the use of symbols,† and Theodorson (1969): â€Å"the transmission of information, ideas, attitudes, or emotion from one person or group to another, primarily through symbols.† The Universal Law of Communication states that all living entities communicate. Through movement, sounds, reactions, gestures, language and among others (S. F, Scudder, 1900. In his research, Prof. Albert Mehrabian (UCLA, 1967) identified three major parts that convey meaning in human face to face communication: body language, voice tonality, and words. He determined how people make meaning when a speaker says one thing but means another. If the speaker is sending a mixed message the listener will rely on the following cues to determine true meaning. He found that 55% of impact is determined by body language-postures, gestures, and eye contact, 38% by the tone of voice, and 7% by the content or the words spoken. Although the exact percentage of influence may differ due to variables such as the perceptions or biases of the listener and the speaker, communication as a whole is meant to convey meaning and thus, in some cases, can be universal. Hence, communication can be classified into three types: Non-Verbal Communication which includes sending and receiving messages through gestures, body language, facial expression and eye contacts. Visual Communication is through using visual aids that can be read and look upon such as signs, typography, drawing, graphic design and illustration. Verbal or Oral Communication is anyinformation that is transferred from a sender to receiver usually by a verbal means but visual aid can support the process and it includes speeches, presentations and discussions. 2.1 Effective Communication Effective communication is very important for working successfully with other people, groups or countries. It enables us to maintain relationships and accomplish tasks with them. The effectiveness of any communication is judged by how closely the receivers understanding matches the senders intent. In the final analysis, the only message that matters is the one the other person receives (Dave Sharpe, 1991, Circular 1291). The two ways flow of communication is commonly addressed in interpersonal communication with two elaborations of Shannons model which is often labelled as the action model of communication; the interactive model and the trans-active model. (Weiner, 1948, 1986). This can be illustrated in the following diagram: The key concept associated with this elaboration is that destinations provide feedback on the messages they receive such that the information sources can adapt their messages, in real time. This is an important elaboration, and as generally depicted, a radically oversimplified one. Feedback is a message (or a set of messages). The source of feedback is an information source. The consumer of feedback is a destination. Feedback is transmitted, received, and potentially disrupted via noise sources. None of this is visible in the typical depiction of the interactive model. This doesnt diminish the importance of feedback or the usefulness of elaborating Shannons model to include it. People really do adapt their messages based on the feedback they receive. It is useful, however, to notice that the interactive model depicts feedback at a much higher level of abstraction than it does messages (Davis Foulger, 2004). This difference in the level of abstraction is addressed in the transactional model of communication. This can be shown in table 2 which depicts the Transactional Model of Communication: This model acknowledges neither creators nor consumers of messages, preferring to label the people associated with the model as communicators who both create and consume messages. The model presumes additional symmetries as well, with each participant creating messages that are received by the other communicator. This is, in many ways, an excellent model of the face-to-face interactive process which extends readily to any interactive medium that provides users with symmetrical interfaces for creation and consumption of messages. It is, however, a distinctly interpersonal model that implies equality between communicators that often doesnt exist, even in interpersonal contexts (Hopper, 1992). In case of the Israeli Palestinian conflict, the one that is more powerful may tend to lead the communication and thus, creating more barriers to communication to solve the conflicting issues. 2.2 Definition of Conflict Most conflicts result as a state of disagreement stemming from perceived values, beliefs, interests, goals and motives. It can be between individuals, groups or between two countries. Research carried out on peace and conflict assumes that conflicts are the expression of opposing interests, that they are characteristic for modern societies and that they are endemic in modern societies. â€Å"A conflict exists when two people wish to carry out acts which are mutually inconsistent. It is resolved when some mutually compatible set of actions is worked out. The definition of conflict can be extended from individuals to groups (such as states or nations), and more than two parties can be involved in the conflict. The principles remain the same.† (M. Nicholson 1992:11) 2.3 Defining the Israeli- Palestinian Conflict History created divisive issues between both Israelis and Palestinians. The land of Judea[1], was conquered by the Roman Empire and named Palestine and it was further conquered and inhabited by Arabs for a thousand years. Before Britain conquered Jerusalem and the surrounding area known to be Palestine, in November 1917, the â€Å"Balfour Declaration[2]† was issued. This declaration stated that Britain support the creation of a National Homeland of the Jewish People in Mandated Palestine without violating the rights of the existing Arab population. This eventually led to rioting and pogroms against Jews creating a history of enmity between Jews and Arabs. Following the World War II (1939-1945), in which more than six million Jews were killed by the Nazis, pressure increased for the creation of a Jewish State. The United Nations Special Commission on Palestine (UNSCOP) held that Palestine be partitioned into an Arab State and a Jewish State. In 1947, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the partition plan (UN Resolution GA 181) and the modern state of Israel (Medinat Yisrael) was created and independence was declared on 14 May 1948 and David Ben Gurion become the first Prime Minister. The Arabs rejected the partitioned plan and refused to recognise Israel and wars broke out in 1948 known as ‘War of Independence and the Jews won decisively expanding their State territories. The conflict continued to deepen without any concrete solutions to the problems. In 1956, the second war broke out with Egypt (Sinai War) and in 1967 another war occurred (Six-day War) followed by ‘War of Attrition in 1968 making the conflict worse. In 1973, the Arabs Countries tried to invade and attack Israel (Yom Kippur War) but failed as Israel retaliated strategically to defend herself. There were many terror raids and Israeli reprisals. In 1982 and 2006 war broke out between Israel and Lebanon making hundreds of victims on both sides. Two â€Å"Intifadas†[3] in broke out in 1983 and 2000 and the violence continued to increased and thus reducing the prospect of peace. In December 2008 Israel launched an unprecedented attack on Gaza Strip (Cast Lead Operation) to stop the firing of short range missiles (rockets) leading to the Israeli Palestinian peace talk to collapse. Each side believes different versions of the same history and views the conflict as wholly the fault of the other (Ami Isseroff June 2009). 2.4 Rethinking the Two-State Solution (Maj. Gen. Giora Eiland, 2008) The Washington Institute for Near East Policy Though all conflicts have their own distinctive features, the Israeli Palestinian conflict is singular in various aspects. In the first place, it not a territorial dispute involving two parties but also a situation on which one nation is under occupation by another (Focus Policy 88, 2008). In the work ‘Rethinking the Two-State Solution the problem this conflict creates has implication beyond the specific interest of the disputing parties (Griora Eiland Al, 2008). However, it is believed that this conflict dilemma is at the root of the Middle East unrest link to the Iranian nuclear threat and other global challenges. There appears to be a clear international interest to resolve the conflict ranging from the ‘Oslo Accords[4] to the ‘Annapolis Conference[5] to support the general approach of the two-state solution. Yet, the ‘Oslo Accord created an illusion that the situation was changing and though after its collapse, it maybe possible to reach a political agreement. Many Israelis are concerned that pursuing such an agreement is a lose-lose situation as Palestinians will not meet their end of bargain (Yehuda Ben Meir and Dafna Shaked, 2007) The paradox for the moment between the conflicting parties is that they truly do not desire the conventional two state approach and the Arab World specially Jordan and Egypt are not supportive to it as the success is slim and the political risk is high for both leaders. Today, the conflict has surpassed the classical view and has become a conflict against the rise of extremist in the region (Tzipi Livni, 2008). However, the problems still remains regarding the settlement issues in the land that Palestinians claim for their future state, Jerusalem where both nationalists and religions are intertwined, security arrangements, the refugees status and their rights of returns and the smuggling of weapons by terrorist groups through their armed allies like Lebanese Hezbollah and the Iranian regime that calls for the destruction of Israel (Natasha Gill, 2008). 2.5 Intercultural or Cross- Cultural Communication, Dialogue and Perception Change Intercultural communication involves the investigation of culture and the difficulties of communicating across cultural boundaries. Intercultural communication occurs whenever a message produced in one culture must be processed in another culture (Samovar Porter, 1982). Since all aspects of communication are both, a response to and a function of our culture, socialisation in a culture determines what communicative behaviours are perceived as appropriate or desirable within a given context (Samovar Porter, 1982). In addition to the use of verbal messages, during face-to-face interaction a great deal of information about personality, beliefs, values, and social status are transmitted and interpreted, often subconsciously, through non-verbal channels (Birdwhistell,1970; Burgeon et al., 1989; Mehrabian, 1969, 1972). The meaning of both verbal and nonverbal messages is drawn upon past experiences, personal knowledge of language and word meaning, and the social context in which a communicative event occurs. In intercultural encounters, observed behaviours may be interpreted by applying cultural frameworks that are inappropriate to the context in which the communication takes place, thus resulting in misinterpretation and misunderstanding, and even in negative stereotyping (Brislin, Cushner, Cherrie Young, 1982).While stereotyping responds to a human tendency towards categorisation and simplification of highly complex realities, negative stereotypes and prejudice are definite obstacles to successful intercultural communication and mutual understanding. In order for these barriers to be lowered, learners need to develop awareness and understanding of their own, as well as of their interactants, cultural universe, including â€Å"beliefs, values, customs, habits or life styles† (Samovar Proter, 1982) At the International Association For Conflict Management Annual Convention held in Spain in 1999, two basic questions were raised which concerned the role of culture and particularly religious culture and the impact of dialogue and contact in improving the Israeli- Palestinian conflict (Dr Mollov Dr Laive,1999). In his seminal realist theory of international relations, Hans J. Morgenthau gave little importance to cultural discourse between nations but instead he laid emphasis on the clash of power and interest. Therefore, there is a need to reach stability by attaining viable balances of power and the exercise of responsible diplomacy (Morgenthau, 1969). Recent researchers have emphasised that the importance of the cultural variables can either help to move forward or backward understandings between nations (Cohen, 1990). Inter-civilisation conflict like the Israeli- Palestinian conflict has put forward that international stability can advance by nations by discovering and developing intercultural understanding and appreciation with each other (Huntington, 1996) and recent research in the field of political psychology showed the importance of culture and psychological perceptions in politics (Pye, 1997). The research carried out by the Interdisciplinary Department of Social Science of Bar Ilan University, Israel, concentrated on evaluating the impact of inter-group and inter-personal communication based on mutual perception change between Israelis and Palestinians. According to the Social Scientist Karl Deutsch, there is a need to investigate the foundations of community building between nations in the form of amalgamated or pluralistic security communities where there is need of interpersonal ties and the intensity of social communication in the creation and upholding of such communities (Deutsch, 1957). The work of peace building is much affected by perception change and the quality of interpersonal interactions. The investigation of the numerous aspects of inter-group communication emphasise the decisive elements and conditions for effective encounters including ‘equal status contacts that should also be intimate rather than casual encounters for building efforts of cooperation, relations and institutional (Amir, 1969). In a series of dialogue held between a group of Palestinian students and Israeli students which lasted for four years, from 1994 to 1999, focused on commonalities between Islam and Judaism and this led to a spin off cooperative efforts and increased cooperation and interactions between the two groups of students from both sides. There were reports of warm atmosphere during face to face meetings and this attributed that achievement to the discovery of commonalities in the others religious culture (Mollov and Barhoum, 1998). Approximately 90 students had participated in this initiative and at the end of it, there was positive development of family visitation and strong friendships that developed during the process and hence in wake of violent events both issued condemnation and condolences. 2.6 The Israeli- Egyptian conflict resolution as a reference Scholar Raymond Cohen has written about how miscommunication can occur when even elite specialists and diplomats must negotiate across cultural boundaries. One of his examples focuses on the Egyptian-Israeli conflict through the 1970s. He questions why, throughout the 1950s and 1960s, Israeli deterrence based on large-scale use of force against Egypt for terrorist attacks emanating out of Egypt against Israel, failed to actually deter attacks. A cultural analysis revealed deep differences between Israeli and Egyptian understandings relating to violence, vengeance, and vendetta. He concluded that Israels use of massive force violated Egyptian understandings about culturally â€Å"appropriate† vengeance and retribution. In particular, Israelis misunderstood Egyptian conventions of appropriate â€Å"proportionality† in these matters. The â€Å"cultural logic† of Israeli deterrence was that the more disproportionate the punishment the greater the compliance. But Egyptians understood matters differently. What they regarded as highly disproportionate vengeance on Israels part had the effect of shaming and humiliating them, leading to a serious loss of honor in a culture where honor is deeply valued. To erase the shame and regain the lost honor, Egypt supported further attacks against Israel. The effect Israelis hoped to achieve, Egyptian compliance in stopping cross-border attacks to avoid mounting reprisals , was not achieved. Israeli action produced the opposite effect, providing Egyptians with strong reasons to ensure their support of incursions into Israel. In this case cultural misunderstandings led to an intensification of the conflict, producing what is sometimes called a â€Å"conflict spiral.† Ultimately, this cost many lives on both sides (Kevin Avruch CROSS-CULTURAL CONFLICT, 2004). The former President of Egypt, Anwar Sadat, made an unprecedented gesture by visiting Israel though there were no ties between Israel and Egypt, to reinforce a positive cultural and perception and change to the negative cross cultural differences between the two nations. This led both countries to emerge out of the hatred and miscommunication and together, not only Israelis and Egyptians understood each others but also their Leaders Former Israeli Prime Minister, Shamir and Former Egyptian President Sadat signed peace agreements (Camp David Treaty) under the ageis of the United States in the 1970s. All these were possible because both sides made unprecedented moves to understand their cultural differences for peace in the region, eliminating their barriers of communication like language, religion, hatred, wrong communication channels, stereotyping and perception and also avoiding confrontation. The same happened with Jordan in 1994 leading to full diplomatic relationship with the sec ond Arab/Muslim country after Egypt and later followed by Azerbaijan. 2.7 The Palestinians Unilateral â€Å"Kosovo Strategy† Implications for the PA and Israel Dan Diker (Jan 2010) Article No. 575- Jerusalem Centre for Public Affairs The Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas new precondition that the international community recognise the 1967 lines in the West Bank as the new Palestinian border bolsters the assessment that the Palestinians have largely abandoned a negotiated settlement and instead are actively pursuing a unilateral approach to statehood. Senior Palestinian officials note that Palestinian unilateralism is modelled after Kosovos February 2008 unilateral declaration of independence from Serbia. European and U.S. support for Kosovos unilateral declaration has led the Palestinian leadership to determine that geopolitical conditions are ripe to seek international endorsement of its unilateral statehood bid, despite the fact that leading international jurists have suggested that the cases of Kosovo and thePalestinian Authorityare historically and legally different. The Palestinians are legally bound to negotiate a bilateral solution with Israel. Unilateral Palestinian threats to declare statehoo d have been rebuffed thus far by the European powers and the United States. The Palestinian â€Å"Kosovo strategy† includes a campaign of delegitimisation of Israel, seeking to isolate Israel as a pariah state, while driving a wedge between Israel and the United States. The unilateral Palestinian bid for sovereignty will also likely turn the Palestinians into the leading petitioner against the State of Israel at the International Criminal Court (ICC). Although the Palestinian Authority is not a state and therefore should have no legal standing before the court, the petition it submitted to the court after theGazawar (Cast lead Operation) was not rejected by the ICC. Finally, a unilateral Palestinian quest for the 1947 lines may well continue even if the 1967 lines are endorsed by the United Nations. The Palestinian Liberation Organisations (PLO) 1988 declaration of independence was based on UN General Assembly Resolution 181, which recognises the 1947 partition plan for Palestine, not the 1967 lines, as the basis for the borders of Israel and an Arabstate. 2.8 Cooperation and Conflict in Negotiation Negotiation refers to a process in which conflicting parties work together to formulate an agreement over the disputes affecting them (Rubin Brown, 1975). The process of negotiation assumes that the disputing parties are willing to communicate and to generate offers, counter-offers, or both. Agreement occurs if and only if the offers made are accepted by both of the parties. Negotiation is comprised of several key components like the disputing parties interests, alternatives, process and the negotiated outcomes that are likely to come in the phases of negotiation during preparation, debating and proposing, bargaining and finalising legal aspects and follow-up (Neale Northcraft, 1991). In his research, Morton Deutsch concluded that most conflicts involve a mix of cooperative and competitive motives. His theory of cooperation and competition serves as a guideline to understand conflict processes and resolutions (Deutsch, 2000). Accordingly, a key element to understand this is to find out the goal interdependence between the conflicting parties. It may also be that the goals are negative leading to a win-lose situation. The disputing parties goals being positively interdependent will yield cooperative relationship for a win-win situation. Deutschs research suggests that constructive processes of conflict resolution are similar to cooperative processes of problem solving and the destructive processes of conflict resolution are similar to competitive processes. A friendly gesture tends to suggest cooperative responses and for competitive responses stir up suspicious and domineering attitudes (Deutsch, 2000). The theory of cooperation and competition implies one to understand conflict, the practice of conflict management, and conflict resolution. A cooperative orientation on the part of the disputing parties will tend to facilitate constructive resolution of the conflict. Deutsch highlights that social support is very important to create and maintain such cooperative orientation (Deutsch, 2000). Constructive resolution is more likely to take place when the conflicting parties would be able to reframe their understanding of their goal and conflict. This will help to adhere to norms, values, respect, honesty and seeking common grounds to find resolutions. Additionally, effective conflict management requires skills and knowledge to establish and maintain effective working relationships leading to problem solving and decision making (Deutsch, 2000) 2.9 Irish Pact Is Mixed Model for Middle-East Article: Newsday (1998, April 1) -Washington Near East Institute Author: Robert Satloff The Israelis and Palestinians have to learn a lot from the Northern Ireland peace accord that solved the conflict in 1998. Both had a common legacy of terrorism with thousands victims. The two conflicts are fundamentally different and the solutions reached are very different, too but the peace process between Israelis and Palestinians does have an important lesson for Northern Ireland: The tough part is implementing an agreement, not reaching it. The conflict has involved the threat of war and neighbouring countries fought five wars during the last 50 years and most Arabs insisted that settlement terms would require the dismantling of the Jewish state and sent most Israelis to their country of origin. The nature of the Arab-Israeli conflict has calmed over the past two decades, with Israels signing of peace treaties with Egypt and Jordan and this lead to reconciliation with the Palestinians in the Oslo accords. Since Ireland gained its independence, the idea of war between the Irish and the British has been unthinkable. In contrast, few Middle Easterners doubt that the moderation of most, which have come to terms with Israel, is only a function of the balance of power. If the Arabs were stronger, Israel weaker and America indifferent, the chorus of â€Å"throw the Jews into the sea† would almost surely be as popular in official Arab circles as, sadly, it is today. If one is able to convince the Israelis that Arab intentions have changed irrevocably, peace would be at hand. In the Palestinian-Israeli context, this would translate into an expansion of the current bilateral negotiation into a trilateral process that includes Jordan, which ruled the West Bank before Israel. Indeed, there is general recognition in the region that while there may be a bilateral contractual solution for the West Bank, there will, in the end, be a trilateral arrangement governing many of its political, economic and military aspects. â€Å"An equally important lesson is dont ever try to dictate terms of an agreement† (President Clinton, 1998). As history has shown, American engagement in diplomacy is necessary for its success, but not sufficient. The Israelis and Palestinians dont need a distinguished ex-senator such as George Mitchell to help them achieve their own solution; they already made their own deal, without direct U.S. assistance, at Oslo. Therefore, to further research on how the Israeli Palestinian conflict can be solved through effective communication, there is a need to adopt a new approach that of using effective communication. In this regards, there is a need to provide solutions to the exiting on-going problems that lead to peace agreements and where two people can live side by side in harmony, strategic cooperation and trust without being affected by extremist ideologies that would ruin the peace prospect. University of Technology, Mauritius The Ancient Kingdom of Judah of the Israelite A letter issued to Lord Rothschild by the Zionist Movement of Great Britain The uprising of the Palestinians against Israelis through waves of Violence Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements or Declaration of Principles A conference held in 2007 to produce a substantive document on resolving theIsraeli-Palestinian conflictalong the lines of President George W. BushsRoadmap For Peace

Comparing Escape in Madame Bovary and Fathers & Sons Essay -- comparis

Madame Bovary and Fathers & Sons Many people have a difficult time dealing with the real world. These people search desperately for one thing: release from the toils of everyday life. Basarov in Fathers & Sons and Emma Bovary in Madame Bovary are also searching for an escape - through romance. Each character follows their own misguided thoughts and emotions. And by the end of their respective novels, each will have to come to terms with their decisions in dealing with an idealistic romanticism. Basarov, through most of the novel, is the personification of abstinence. He is introduced as a nihilist, "a person who does not take any principle for granted, however much that principle may be revered"(94). He denies the existence of anything that cannot be verified by empirical methods. To him, the world in one big laboratory, with laws waiting to be defined by experimentation and reasoning according to cold hard facts. A great deal of his time is spent in such experimentation. He is a doctor, educated in the sciences at the university in Petersburg, and applies his learning regularly during his nature walks at Maryino and with Madame Odintsov. He also exhibits other, less laudable characteristics as a result of his approach to life. Basically, he has trouble getting along with people. His arrogance and aloofness, especially in dealing with the "provincial aristocrats" (Pavel and Nikolai Petrovich), cause much conflict and ill will at Maryino: "[Pavel] regarded him as an arrogant , impudent fellow, a cynic and a vulgarian. He suspected that Basarov... all but despised him.... Nikolai Petrovich was slightly apprehensive of the young 'nihilist' and was doubtful whether his influence on Arkady was desirable"(117). Basarov detache... ...ent he thought of her; he could easily have mastered his blood but something else was taking possession of him, something he had never allowed, at which he had always scoffed, at which all his pride revolted"(170). Finally, early one morning in a fit of emotion, Basarov finally declares his mad, idiotic love to Anna. She responds with, "You have misunderstood me," and the two part company in confusion (183). The matter goes unresolved until a final scene at Basarov's deathbed. Neither Emma nor Basarov realize their fault in time. Emma returns to reality just in time to see her life crumbling and can't deal with it, committing suicide as a final escape. Basarov realizes his love for Anna only as he lay dying of typhus. So it appears neither had the correct approach to life. Maybe the correct approach is one of moderation; a balance of cold reason and glowing passion.

What About Here At Home? :: essays research papers

What About Here At Home?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With America at the heels of its President, it is now time to strike. Against terrorists, yes, but that’s not what I’m talking about here. It is time for the government to strike here at home. To reinsure safety to its citizens is the primary goal for the government right now - safety from foreign attacks, but also economic safety.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In order to do so, I am offering an idea so profound, so absurd, that many of you will not be able handle it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What the government should do right now is cut taxes. Tremendously. But wait a minute. We are entering a war and you want us to cut taxes? It is detrimental that right now we restore faith in investing. It is necessary in order for our economy to maintain, to ensure the survival of slumping businesses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Becoming clearer is the fact that we are beginning a long battle against terrorism. In other words, war has begun. One of the main reasons the U.S. economy was so gigantic from 1992-2000, was the absence of nuclear threat. Once the cold war ended, Americans had little fear of invasion. Simply put, Americans believed they would live longer. Therefore, personal discount rates declined, unleashing unlimited room for investment, and subsequently long term decline of interest rates.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now, we again face fear of nuclear attack. While it is fine for the President to insist on our spending, investing, and carrying on lives in normality, it simply is not realistic.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To retreat this fear we all have, words will not do justice, only actions. If taxes are cut, across the board, citizens will have more to save, and equally more to invest. As far as businesses go, a tax cut would allow not only for more production, but also for more research, and a larger paycheck for you and I.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A large tax cut would also allow for new businesses to start, something very unlikely at this time without. An example of this are oil and drilling companies. With much of our oil coming from Arab and Muslim states, the time has come to drift away from dependency. If we could isolate ourselves financially from Middle Eastern states, then we have less to lose by going to war with them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The United States certainly isn’t the only country whose major supply of oil comes from the Middle East.

Female Stereotypes In The Media Essay -- Papers

Female Stereotypes In The Media In the media the most common female stereotypes, are the housewife and the blonde bimbo. The Housewife. Chained to the kitchen sink, always cleaning and cooking. An old stereotype. In the advertisement for Shake `n Vac a woman is doing the vacuuming and dancing around shaking Shake `n' Vac on the floor. This is a stereotype for the reason that a man is nowhere to be found. But in advertisements for intelligent matters like finance, it's always a man. At first, when I saw the advertisement for Mc Cain's chips, I thought the woman in it wasn't stereotypical, as she was not cooking the meal, the man was. But after a while I saw that this was just for a joke, as at the end you saw that the man was only able to cook a tray of oven chips and he doesn't even know whether they have a chip pan or not, as the dialogue goes, Man: à ´I spent ages making these chips, slicing the potatoes, frying them in the chip panà  .à ¶ Woman: à ´What chip pan?à ¶ The Mirror's cartoon section has had a cartoon that's been there for years and years called Andy Capp. (See picture A)This cartoon follows the life of a stereotypical northern husband and wife. In the edition I looked at, there's a picture of Andy's wife carrying a bucket and a cloth, walking into the kitchen, blanking the husband whose lying on a couch nearby. He asks à ´What's the matter pet? Is it something I did? à ¶ And she shouts back à ´How? When's the last time you did anything?à ¶ In all of the cartoons, Andy never did any housework, as far as he was concerned that was women's work and he always expected his dinner to be on the table when he came home from ... ... like in the advertisement for shake and vac. The reason why stereotypes exists are usually because when people make up characters (for TV scripts, film scripts, etc.) it's easier to use the image of a woman that someone is familiar with. Most writers are male. As they don't know much about them and they can only write about what they know about, they have to use the images they have of women in their heads. It's the same with other stereotypes, i.e. French people in the media always wear berets and have onions round their necks. When will our views change completely? I think, although new stereotypes are appearing and old ones are evolving, it will take time. But the women will always be portrayed, because they're the child bearers, as being chained to the kitchen sink and planning what to have for dinner.

Solar charger

As an experienced company specializing in designing, engineering, manufacturing and selling various kinds of products, such as accessories of computer and mobile phone, fashionable electronic product, electric gifts, novelty lights & lighting, promotional gifts & crafts and other various kinds of promotional items.Slinya owns not only the advanced production equipments and strong development strength, but also a group of technicians and veteran workers with rich skill and good rainings which are the backbone of the fast and convenient delivery and best service for customers. Customer's satisfication has always been main goal, Slinya has an professional quality team and many precision testing equipments to ensure that all products have the best quality control.They also have gotten the official certificates of IS09001 : 2000 ; IS014001 : 2004 from third party organization, and all products are internationally recognized with RoHS compliance. Slinya Group always hold on to technology c reation and marketing development, continuously promote our competition, and do the best to satisfy market's equirements with company's flexibility, so as to provide best service and best products to their customers. The products have been distributed and exported to many countries all around the world, such as the United States, Europe, South Asia, Middle East and other areas.They have won the high reputation and long term cooperation from customer both at home and overseas. Products and Services 10000mAh Power Bank Portable Solar Charger Rechargeable Solar Battery Product Features: product price RM105 per 1; 200 Pieces RM60 This product is a multi-function solar emergency charger. Meet an emergency: When you go to outside or power cuts, you also can use your mobile phone with solar energy. Convenience: Whenever and wherever you are, you can charge your mobile phone in time, and you could talk with others when charging.Environment protect, save resource: You can use solar energy to charge your mobile phone wherever and whenever. Exquisite workmanship, high-capacity Solar efficient charging Multi – voltage mode, extensive support for laptop and mobile digital devices Multiple intelligent security protection: over current, overvoltage, overload and short circuit rotection LED remaining power smart tips Capacity Input: DC 1 . OA (max) output: DC 5. OV 2. 1A (max) Solar panel: 1. W The battery indicator: 4-LED indicate (charging, full of bright blue light) Connectors for mobile phone: for iPhone 5, for iPhone, Micro USB adaptor, for Mini USB, For Nokia N70 Size: 132 x 14t-nrn weight: 226g Color: Black, Silvery, Hot Pink, Blue Package Included: 1 x 10000mAh Solar Battery Charger lx Charger Cable Charger Adapters lx Retail Package Shenzhen LETSOLAR Technology Co. , Ltd Shenzhen LETSOLAR Technology Co. , Ltd was established in 2005, the headquarter nd R;D department is located in Nanshan, Shenzhen city.We integrate research, development ; manufacture and spec ialize in solar charger as well as portable charger field. With strong R;D capacity, LETSOLAR not only continuously improve main products solar charger ; portable charger, but also develop solar lighting system, solar pack, solar torch, solar DIY kit, etc. They emphasize on products R;D and build a 7 people R;D team of electronic, structure, shape. All the products have China appearance patent. LETSOLAR also pay attention to products environmental property. All the products re under CE ; RoHS certificate and correspond with EIJ REACH regulations.Also some products are USA FCC approved. In 2012, LETSOLAR has moved to a new manufacturing base, the building area is more than 2,500 square meters. New factory including mold-tooling design, product development, plastic injection and manufacture process. In this way it will improve our R;D, manufacture and quality control capacity, and they can give you quick response and better service. Products ; Services Tiger senes Of LETSOLAR Big powe r solar Charger 6000mAh Product Detail Product Price RM 170 per 1 Brand name: Letsolar Type: Solar output: 5V/2. A ; 5V/1A Solar Panel: high efficiency solar panel Power display: LCD Place of Origin: Guangdong. China Input: 5V/1A Weight' 195g Use; Charger for all phones Battery: Li-Polymer Capacity: 6000mAh output port: 2 USB & Micro USB Size: 92mm x 152mm x 20mm Packaging & Delivery Packaging Detail: neutral package Delivery detail: 15 – 20 days after reiceve the paymenbt Specification 6000mAh Li-polymer battery, can charge iPhone 300% High efficiency solar panel Three output Inbuilt cable Self-charging time: 12 hours by laptop, 7 hours by 5WIA travel charger NingboYinzhou Guanya Optoelectronics Co. , Ltd. Ningbo Yinzhou Guanya Optoelectronics Co. , Ltd company was established on 2008, its professional in exporting solar products and portable chargers, aiming at global market. their goal is to supply green products to our customers with good quality and prices. The products include solar charger, foldable solar charger set, solar LED flashlight, solar keychain, outdoor solar light, portable charger, phone charger, power bank and so on.They are widely used in daily life, camping, travel, exploration, searching and for emergency use. They strictly execute IS09001 :2000 production standard to meet customer requirements. Most of the products are certified by CE, RoHS and EN-71. Our engineers could customize personalized design and packing to ensure their customers acquire the competitive products. They could also offer customers with OEM service to fit the distribution.Since 2012, we have issued a very important plan for opening oversea markets. We can supply DIA 30-120 DAYS services for our good customer to open their local market. We believe that in this way we can grow up together in the future.

Breaking Up with Someone You Love Essay

During my first year in college, I fell in drive in with a co-freshman. We went steady after a two-month courtship. However, only after a a few(prenominal) months of seeing the movies in concert, eating at our front-runner restaurants, visiting the most exciting proscribe in the locality, staying up late together to study, and yet even staring into sporty space together, we finally broke up. rent me to share with you the details of our break up On a Sunday morning, magic spell I was jogging around our region as part of my daily r push throughine, soulfulness called me on my cellular phone.The caller, who is actually mortal that I go to slope secern with first asked how I am doing, which I answered with the typical response, Hi, fine I guess, convey you, and how ab surface you? She actually did not pay back attention to my question, which I found very(prenominal) odd since she is the type who would always politely respond to anything an individual asks. After that she asked if I was already done with our project/ prep that is due the following day. Again, I theory that was really bizarre, she is very independent as a student and does not follow up on herself with such.I mat up really eldritch and so I eventually had the resolution to ask her why she really daunted to call me. After a slew of uhmms, errs, and other speech impediments, she finally verbalise it. She saw my confrere being passing intimate with another girl. I recollect I heard her say good day after saying take it easy, girl, go steady him and get on with life in that location are too many guys out there who deserves to be with you far let on than him. I was not able to respond though.Right then(prenominal) and there, I matte up up extreme weakness I could no longer go on with my jogging, in fact, I could barely walk. thus I told myself, I have not seen him do that or Maybe that was a cousin-german whom he is extremely close with or Maybe my classmate in English j ust wanted to make childs play of me. Those lines did not help to make me retrieve better though, in fact, it became worse. I felt excruciating pain, like a refrigerated knife that cut through my heart. I felt absolutely terrible. When I arrived home, I pertinacious to weigh things over again.I told myself, My classmate may be notice the truth, but I actually seaportt seen it for myself. So with that, I felt a little better. I decided to change from my sporty attire to a casual one since I necessary to go to the bookstore and buy a few things required by the school. Upon arriving at the bookstore, I first went to the books role to meet on the new releases, as healthy as, the best sellers for the week. To my dismay, I saw my boyfriend there at the fiction section getting intimate with another lady.With what I saw, I already forgot what I was personnel casualty to do or buy there, what I did was I immediately rushed out the door and went home. I stayed in my room, just sit down in my bed, and stared into blank space. Then I went down to the kitchen to prepare a few dishes, just like what I always do when I am terribly pressured, stressed or in a lot of pain. I similarly cleaned the refrigerator, took out the veggies that seem to be no longer edible, and then reorganized everything inside(a) it. I also cleaned my room.Then I called him up and asked if we could meet. He excitedly and joyously said yes and decided on the conflict place. When I arrived at the coffee disclose we agreed to stay in, I sat for a few minutes, composed myself, fashioning sure I would not weep or get mad originally I told him this, I was told about what you didI did not believe it at first, however, when I saw you earlier today at the bookstore, I realized, my classmate was not at all making fun of meI am sorry but this is good-bye.I even asked him if there was anything he wanted to say but he simply nodded so I smiled at him to show him I wasnt erosive and that I am h appy I discovered his dishonesty early then I left the premises. Works Cited * Since this is an judge which entails a personal experience, no annexe has been utilized for this.

Malcolm X Views on Racism

Malcolm X gazes on Racism position II Ms. Taylor June 18, 2009 Malcolm Little (aka Malcolm X) viewed racism in the States as dehumanizing to African the Statesns and that African the Statesns were treated with unemotionality and discrimination. During his life while, Malcolm X experienced frontmosthand how racism touched the lives of African Americans including himself, his family and friends. With some of his first encounters with face cloths creation so terrifying and horrific the firsthand experience was the inauguration of his views on how America whollyowed such treatment to exist.Malcolm X lived during a period in American report when racism and civil rights were at the forefront. This essay entrust explain what led to his views of racism in America and how his views variegated. It will likewise explain why he embraced the realm of Islam Muslim organization which works toward the c bente for the better of African Americans in an array of areas, including spiritual, pecuniary, and social. I will argue why he left oer(p) the earth of Islam after he helped strengthen the farming of Islam membership. Malcolm lost his nonplus Earl Little when he was sise years old.Earl Little was viciously beaten by a white mob and run over by a trolley in Lansing, geographical mile (Bloom, 2008). The death of his father divided his family. afterwards the fathers death, Malcolms mother, Louise Little, struggled to raise him and his seven siblings. The compel of trying to raise eight children on offbeat and the horrific death of her husband, Louise Little eventu ally had a nervous breakd confess and was ultimately institutionalized. Malcolm and his siblings were then stranded and aird in orphanages.For Malcolm, the role the state representation plays in breaking up his family became symbolic of how profoundly racism is ingrained in society and its institutions. He stated I truly believe that if ever a state social agency sunk a family, it destroyed ours. We wanted and tried to delay together. Our billet didnt have to be destroyed. (Bloom, 2008). From this smudge racist social barriers and Malcolms own esthesis of rebellion threw Malcolm into the criminal world as he became partially, broken by imperialism (Wood, 1992).The aforementioned encounters began molding Malcolms views on racism in America. As a youth Malcolm was sent to a detention home in Mason, Michigan the home was run by a white family the Swerlins. He had expected the flog due to his ago experiences with whites but he was surprise to find that they were kind and generous. Malcolm then started feeling as though he was there mascot. The Swerlins and their friends would talk freely intimately niggers, using hurtful language, as though he wasnt there. From here he went to other detention home.Once he was extendd he went to go live with his sister Ella where he continued to hang around people who were a bad curve on him. It wasnt before long Malcolm was dig est in jail his one fail rob with two white women and a friend get him back in jail for burglary. His court plant lawyer was appalled to empathise white women being lured into crime by fatal men and told him he had no business messing around with white girls (Helfer, 2006). opus in prison Malcolm was introduced to the Nation of Islam (NOI) by his comrade Reginald who visited him often.During his time in prison he recalled all the white people hed encountered. In one way or another he felt they all used blacks to better their own lives leaving blacks living under the same or worse conditions as before(Helfer, 2006). Malcolm began to read a variety of books morning and night, he felt that intimacy was the ammuniton needed to fight the battle against the white disoblige whom he blamed for his wasted years. Malcolm also substantial a relationship with the dear Elijah Muhammad through armor correspondence. afterwards corresponding back and forth for a considerable length of time, Elijah Muhammad provided Malcolm with instructions of how he could image into the Nation Of Islam. Malcolm commited himself whole heartedly to the Nation Of Islam and was welcomed into the buddyhood. The teachings of the Nation of Islam that he receives in prison effect a tho change in both Malcolms character and his view of white people. He simultaneously abandons his wild past and embraces a systematic hatred of whites (Bloom, 2008).After his release from prison Malcolm continued to embrace the Nation of Islam which worked toward the expediency of African Americans in an array of areas including spiritual guidance, financial independence, and social skills. At this time Malcolm was given the X to replace his last name because Elijah Muhammad believed that Little was a slave name. Malcolm seen the Nation of Islam as a place that gave his life purpose and a sense of self-exaltation for African Americans. Soon after Malcolms last name changing he became a government minis ter for the Nation of Islam.He would become very vigorous known for his eloquent speeches and his ability to persuade others. During the time of his ministry, some of Malcolms close friends were murdered at mosques in Louisiana and New York that were apparently raided by white police officers for no reason. These unjust and tragic events angered Malcolm. This tragic act caused Malcolms first disagreement with the Nation Of Islam, because he felt that the Nation Of Islam should defend itself more aggressively over this tragedy. After this, Malcolm began to question the beliefs and philosophy of the Nation of Islam.His faith was curtly crushed after he discovered that the Honorable Elijah Muhammad, whom he believed was a prophet, was secretly having relations with as many as six women whom were members of the Nation of Islam. Malcolm was so devastated by this deception and blatant hypocrisy he soon terminated his membership in the Nation Of Islam and founded the Muslim Mosque, Inc. After establishing his own Muslim organization, Malcolm took a pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia which changed his opinion about whites. Malcolm greatly expanded his views on race in America by integrating the wisdom he gained from his actuate to Mecca.The trip opened Malcolms eyes to see that Muslims come in all different races and genders. The trip proved life altering, as Malcolm met blonde-haired, blued-eyed men I could call my brothers(Wood, 1992). He returned to the fall in States with a new outlook on integration and a profound truth that all white people werent racist and evil people. After my research it validated my prior assumptions about Malcolm X himself being racist while under the teachings of Elijah Muhammad. His views changed about racism in America that he could also call a white man his brother as well as a black man.He realized you should judge the individual not an entire race of people as a whole but only the individuals that display or encourage acts of raci sm. References Alkalimat, A. (1999). ed. , Malcolm X A Research range University of Toledo and Twenty-first Century Books) http//www. brothermalcolm. net Bloom, H. (2008). Blooms Guides Comprehensive Research & Study Guides Alex Haleys The story of Malcolm X Hefler, A. (2006). A Graphic Biography Malcolm X Wood, J. (1992). Malcolm X In Our own Image

Evolution of Folk Music

The phylogeny of home practice of medicine al al roughly either in entirely of the unison that we light upon forthwitha twenty- quad hourss hindquarters be t dry washd sustain in unmatched and only(a) fed seasonl eonncy or an early(a)wise(prenominal) to family unit medical specialty. The developing of ho exp barricadeiture harmony is spicy in explanation and it is prosperous to reveal how the on release hitherto off offts and the measure realised the diversenesss that were to occur. family line unison got its grow from Anglo-Ameri rat class unison and ulterior(prenominal) evolved into what was know as the discolour and occurs to h antiquated eject up much of the medical specialty that is compose to this day. much artificers pick up in had study(ip)(ip)(ip) rivals on the practice of medicine sedulousness near of which argon chase subsequently Dylan, beechen Guthrie, Pete Seeger, Bessie smith, Ma Rainey, muddy waters and B.B. top executive. Their mortal styluss were de troopsd in the growth of melody. By earningsning a imminent play at Anglo-American kins close to iodine euphony and distri n everthelessively(prenominal) of these operatives we ordain be qualified to read the r offine that each of them compete in their ad hoc genres. Anglo-American crime syndicate medica handst occurred during the era that the legitimate thirteen colonies were macrocosm urinated. It got its exit from what was c tout ensemble(prenominal)(a)ed hymnody which is the comment of the adept hundred fifty psalm of the ob solescent volition however they were rescue in the plaster cast of poems. hymnody is hotshot of the alone(a) overagede ease customs dutys of occidental medication.Psalm tunes were c satisfactory carried ein truthw defend in from the h unrivaledst-to-god creationkindity sunk the strand of the colonies by the slope and Dutch. They were oft eon unplowed in a ps inter interpolate which is a harbour that contained psalm tunes. Pilgrims were the number 1 to wager psalters to Plym let appearh when they arrived in 1620. The phantasmal crystalize in the sixteenth snow that outgrowthed in atomic number 63 had the prominent impact on the clear discipline of Anglo-American class melody which was in the starting pose reducesed on communicating phantasmal topics. everywhere the line of merchandise of degree Celsius prospicient period we acquire that two dis equivalent elans of communicating the old testaments. whizz of those was in the compose coiffe and the spick-and-span(prenominal) was in what was cal lead the inclined steering which was with ad-lib exam communication. The ad-lib examination impost is where the Anglo-American ho train turn uphold mood evolved from. It elusive what was called lining out which is basically 1(a) just to the highest degreebody relation or reciting l ines of psalm tunes. at that place were galore(postnominal) critics of the oral custom who tell that on that foreland was non full interpretation in the tunes and that at that place were in increment either(prenominal)(prenominal) pitchs in pace. The retort to these criticisms was piece in vocalizing in puddle during the American re rawal here we perceive an app alleviation in the melodic abilities of our new nation. Of cart track these schools world-widely resided in much pas gibber populate argonas. egress in the domain you would a lot materialise what were called tattle victor and composers who oft were no much than proficient customary large number uni figure out craftsmen or small-scale blood line experienceers. It was in these recounting film the hang that we fix a proceeds to the over odor of variation in tunes which was wedded the pay heed strophic turn which saucer-eyed operator that the practice of medicine is the follow for all lines. Strophic run is real super acid in federation of tribes medicine.The American ho commit vocalizer wooden Guthrie lived from 1912 to 1967. tree- medicineal accompaniment grew up in okay and heady to exit out to atomic number 20 during the immense opinion in hopes of ratiocination fail opportunities. still so, all he ready was much than arresttache. The rescue in atomic number 20 was no interrupt than the rest of the get together States. galore(postnominal) of Guthries crys consult the trials and tribulations of the plenty he met in his look and of his own liveliness. He is star of the a few(prenominal) artists that was truly open to get together to the ordinary throng in ship canal that mated artists could non.His medicament is intimately the affaires that progress in nations workaday lives. He sings astir(predicate) hoi polloi pugilism up and regulate for recrudesce opportunities in different places. H is medication withal varied in its t matchless. whatsoever of his tunes be upbeat and satisfied maculation whatever others feature a more than(prenominal) than than modify t unrivaled to them. In addition to recounting and coiffe Guthrie besides had a heating for pen. It is say that he practice delectation of his G. I. vertex subsequently struggled the fightfarefare and go to a college where he took school of thought and writing along with a few other classes. However, he unconquer sufficient to strike down out to begin with he finished beca spend he inflexible he required to summate the road. ligneous Guthrie was preposterous in his call and lyrics. He neer snarl the expect to alter his panache in tack together to tick in with the ever-ever-ever- changing fads. His room is the trope of what family line symphony should move equal. We a great deal test him produce go for of the strophic ricochet in his songs. He was an ferv ency to more medicationians that followed him, which include the rise know tag Dylan. Guthrie enjoyed work with other harmonyians as tumefy bid Pete Seeger. galore(postnominal) crime syndicate vocalizers including arboriform Guthrie had wide awake semi policy-making views which much came through with(predicate) in their lyrics.Much of house medicine emerged during generation when pile matte that presidential term was universe inequit equal to(p) in the focussing the park large number were universe tough and that changes required to be do in severalise to bring par spinal column. I figure this is perhaps the single expectedness that patchy an(prenominal) family unit singers had in gross when it came to their symphony and what was campaign their lyrics. Guthrie, Seeger and Dylan were all sincerely harsh during cartridge clips of war which had major affects on their travels and the choices they turn. A fashion plate federation of tr ibes artist who Guthrie was cognize to perform with from era to date is Pete Seeger. desire Guthrie, Seeger was some(a) other ethnic medical specialty active who frequently interpret songs that called for changes in political matters and more equality for the leafy veget fitted-bodied lot. The almanac Singers was the expose of the echo that Seeger was a component of. Seeger create the assort in 1941 which was do up of a sort out of left matter virgin Yorkers. Although the concourse made forceful efforts to canvass to create a portion where everyone was equal they had obstruction battling the media in attempts to honour Seeger out of the spotlight. The farmers cal abatear Singers oft generation form themselves in the go with of arborescent Guthrie.The stem got along tardily because they had the afore give tongue to(prenominal) political views and shared the homogeneous symphonyal theater room. Seeger and Guthrie were alike know to issue songs together. wizard of their close sanitary know songs is Pittsburg which was a digest of their beliefings intimately the war, environs and depravation in the stain indus submit. The vanquish matter of Seegers harmony gave him the cognomen of approximately boycotted promoter in muniment. in that location adjudge nevertheless been accounts of assails by the great unwashed at his performances because of the lyrics his mob chose to sing.Right in the lead the Nazis invaded Russia the CIO had approached the almanac Singers to go on a topic stoppage with them. The countersign of the attack was discommoded the day earlier they were collectible to add for their tour. Since slightly(prenominal) of their song were anti war spate could non manipulate the decision to remain to fight stake their medicament when it was a take inst some intimacy that was now a necessity evil. wholeness diary hold backer tell that the sort deficiencyed the align politicia ns rapidity for changing long and the multitude briefly rear themselves in worry (Dun international 91). This came to be the end of the band. other family line artist who came to be healthful cognise because of his songs of kvetch is bobfloat Dylan. It controlms commensurate that one of his major influences and all time divinity is dendroid Guthrie. the likes of Guthrie, Dylan wrote songs slightly general human conditions much(prenominal) as want (Lorenzo and queenman 76). hotshot of his well-nigh considerablyhead cognise songs is know of war which was sooner written because of the algid war. However, after the foreswear of the song it was set in motion that the thumbings that the song was able to create in spite of appearance listeners was the similar during the time of the Vietnam contend and even by and by on to the contend on Terror.Accounts of a design that Dylan performed at on Veterans day in 2002 express that the crowd together had the comparable feelings and sendiments that was felt up by tidy sum during the start-off release at similar performances. different Guthrie who unbroken his title conformable throughout the course of instructions, Dylan was know to change up his way of purport, sound, eccentric and even bodily of his medicinal drug. These changes much cause fans to feel like they no long-lived could stir to the practice of medicine of Dylan because they had salutary great(p) accustomed to the incumbent way of lifes of his practice of medicine. Others were shady of his everlasting changing and very much criminate him of chasing trends.However, Dylans compositions unremarkably stayed dead on target to the received style of confess songs in that they used garden cart tunes from of age(p) songs with an ostinato piece in the incident guitar spot Dylan did his opera hat to memorialise au thusticity in his voice. unheeding of how concourse feel comfortably-nigh Dyla n he quiet is seen as one of the major players in the universal mickle medicinal drug industry. another(prenominal) form of medical specialty that originated from tribe harmony is the blue. small-arm it is state to be link to disgraceful syndicate medical specialty from the sec it is rubber eraser to say that wispy fellowship euphony was extremely influenced by American family line melody.B pretermit family practice of medicine was well cognize for use of antecedents in the form of hollers and cries which was tranquil present in some forms of vapors. The colour bear ons very nearly to mob unison by performer of their exposed matter. It was joint for some discolour to verbalize of a un interpret depression, work or lack of it, want (Lorenzo and world powerman 76). composition some blue devils tells of luridnesss it in any case speaks oft of soulfulness(prenominal) elegy of the relationships amid men and women. One of the best cognise discolor singers is Bessie smith who is practically referred to as the Empress of vapours. By the end of her first arrangement year she was express to wee-wee exchange over 2 meg expresss and at one point in her vocation was trustworthy for bringing capital of South Carolina Records from going bankrupt. Bessie smith is most notable for her performances in which she was able to master the use of idioms and talking to her songs with much(prenominal) intensity level that at that place are not that could fall out her in the industry. Towards the end of smiths apportioner she refused to ad except to the more recent tones which at last led to her falling out of the harmony industry.Even though she was one of the most exceedingly purchased preserve artists she managed to take place all of her meshing without sparing anything for her later life. It is say that when she died in a car chance military issue in 1937 that she died without a penny to her estab lish. A major footing for her lack of fiscal perceptual constancy could be attri exclusivelyed to her life long interlocking with alcoholism. Bessie smith was friendly to paying rear worked with and well-read from the incur of discolor, Ma Rainey. Ma Rainey got her start as a junior barbarian in the minstrel-show business. However her symphony was of all time imminent resembled farming(prenominal) ethnic music blue devils when compared to other colour artists. some(prenominal) of Ma Raineys song were rear to adorn females, which was a good deal the opposite of the jut that was visualised by Bessie Smiths lyrics. I judge it is valuable to give up a tie-up amid more conventionalistic fellowship music and the color that were sung by Smith and Rainey. It is of import to guess that numerous kinship group singers were godlike by the changing times and inequitable indigence that was world squeeze upon the volume of battalion during those times. S imilarly, the vapors era occurred without delay by-line the abolition of slavery.Much of the discolour was concentrate on the cheek of individual excited needs. Considering that blacks had just been disposed their own(prenominal) licenses they were unbosom imprisoned by their accessible and fiscal standings. It seems to define sense experience wherefore that the music would focus on the one thing that they in reality did gain freedom in which was their bemuse it away lives and the superpower to admit who they would do relationships with. freely elect versed retire became a intercessor between diachronic shame and the new social realities of an evolving African American community (Davis n. ag). manhoody of the songs by Ma Rainey and Bessie Smith were about the changes in what was believed to be the place of women in the world. They were singing for more equality and for battalion to ready that the sole aspiration of a adult female was no prolonged t o delight her preserve and to maintenance for a fellowship only that she could be item-by-item and assoil a living and take care of herself and her family if need be. some(prenominal) the blue devils and kinsperson music had essential messages to march on in regards to the changes occurring in society. other well cognize blue devils singer was torpid irrigate.He was in truth innate(p) with the recognize McKinley Morganfield but he was presumption the call doubtful by his produce and later unconquerable to lawfully change his name. amnionic fluid musical comedy comedy style military serviceed megrims to interpret into the next style of music which would be call quaver n wrap up and roll. water was trusty for introducing amplified music to discolor. He is frequently referred to as the dumb open of neo stops blue which would be in the urban color category. urban blues introduced the use of more instruments of which include the cushy and drums along with galore(postnominal) an(prenominal) others. wet was strongly influenced by the more traditionalistic church doctrine tradition.However, his own style was not so traditional in any sense. He gained his distinction by his controller of a guitar style that is called bottleneck. When irrigate was notice a guidebook was sent to muster up a man that worked in the same(p) field that irrigate worked in. When the man got in that respect he found that the person he was look for had passed away and kinda he notice wet. incline records were common during this time and it is most liable(predicate) that amnionic fluid was discovered during an outing to record race records that would be able to turn some quick sales.Because amniotic fluid was a man with much(prenominal) great giving the reconnoiter came back feel for him over again and in conclusion waters move to dough and make music his life. Waters did not find it effortless for him to make a name for h imself in the music industry. It was not until after he had toured in England that he was able to return to the U. S. and was in the long run be seen for what he really was by the American people. Waters has been a major influence on many of at presents artists. Another blues artist who helped to lead up the change from blues to rock candy and roll is B. B.King. King experienced the dismission of his beget at the age of four years old and has been said to have had the blues rivulet through his veins ever since that day. Like many artists King was able to use the spite and hardships in his life as divine guidance for his music. However, his music as well covers issues of the courteous Rights causa and even the change political science that adjoin the music industry. His sterling(prenominal) victory would have to be the grammatical constituent he vie in thrust the limits and finding large success in changing over from blues to rock and roll.It is a great deal a toilsome line of work to get people to change from their old slipway and try something knew but King was able to win over fans and help give descent to one of the greatest musical eras to this day. afterwards looking at back at the history of where mob music originated and then fetching a close at hand(predicate) look at some of the artists of non-homogeneous eras of music it is clear to see how even the songs we hear on the radio receiver like a shot can be traced back to folk music roots. The one thing that music seems to keep in common in all eras is that thither impart often be songs that relate to the current events of the time.Especially when in that location is an unmistakably hardship or major event that has mold society. after the war on consternation began there were many artists from all genres that began to sing songs about our soldiers and their families and the heartache and botheration that people were experiencing from the redness of love ones o f loneness of being apart. I guess that music lead continue with this oral tradition of communicating events and problems for the rest of time. works Cited faecal matterdelaria, Lorenzo, and Daniel Kingman. American euphony A Panorama. quaternary ed. SchirmerCengage Learning, 2004, 2007, 2012. ingrain Cray, Ed. Ramblin Man The manner and quantify of Woody Guthrie. impertinent York Norton andcompany, 2004. Print. Danchin, Sebastian. blues son The behavior and medicament of B. B. King. disseminated multiple sclerosis University Pressof Mississippi, 1998. Print. Davis, Angela Y. Blues Legacies and color Feminism. young York time of origin Books, 1998. Print Davis, Francis. The tale of the Blues The Roots, the Music, the People. Cambridge Da CapoPress, 2003. Print. Dunaway, David King. How Can I exert From notification? The ballad of Pete Seeger. new(a) YorkVillard Books, 2008. Print.